MUSIC USED:

The music used in this recording is the intellectual copyright of Michael Levy, a prolific composer for the recreated lyres of antiquity, and used with the creator's permission. Michael Levy's music is available to stream at all the major digital music platforms. Find out more on:

Check out Michael’s new album here!

IMAGES:

Niccolò Machiavelli, Portrait by Santi di Tito (c. 1550–1600 CE) By Santi di Tito - Own work, 25 November 2019, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=84353395

Portrait of Edward Gibbon (1737–1794 CE) By Joshua Reynolds - http://www.myartprints.co.uk/a/reynolds-sir-joshua/portrait-of-edward-gibbon-1.html, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=8646190

Sculpted head of the emperor Commodus By TimeTravelRome - Sculpted head of the emperor Commodus 185-190 AD, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=107023923

Bust of Marcus Aurelius (reign 161–180 CE) By User:Bibi Saint-Pol, own work, 2007-02-08, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=84488018

Nerva By I, Sailko, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=9945502

Roman Emperor Domitian, Louvre Louvre), M. H. (. a. t. M. d. (2013, April 25). Roman Emperor Domitian, Louvre. World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved from https://www.worldhistory.org/image/1154/roman-emperor-domitian-louvre/

Praetorians Relief By Christophe Jacquand - File:MBALyon2018 - Expo Claude - Relief Pretoriens.jpg, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=75617637 By Sunappu-shashin - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=75828358

Trajan wearing the civic crown and military garb such as a muscle cuirass, 2nd century CE By Wolfgang Sauber - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=10205712

Gold aureus of Trajan depicting him alongside his namesake father, 115 CE By Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 2.5, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=14765474

Trajan's Bridge over the Danube, Romanian side By Carole Raddato from Frankfurt, Germany - Trajan's Bridge over the Danube, Romanian side, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=74363703

Bust of Plotina, exhibited in the Vatican Museums By Rabax63 - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=45082930

Bust of Hadrian By Djehouty - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=85310985

Antoninus Pius By Unknown artist - Originally uploaded by User:Bibi Saint-Pol, own work, on 2007-02-08. Edited by User:Steerpike, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2940244

Depiction of Pius and Faustina on the base of the Column of Antoninus Pius By User:Sailko; cropped by User:QuartierLatin1968 - File:Base della colonna antonina 01.JPG, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=44974130

Antonine Wall electropod, . (2013, January 14). Antonine Wall. World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved from https://www.worldhistory.org/image/1024/antonine-wall/

Map Indicating the Antonine & Hadrian Walls Einstein, N. (2016, December 12). Map Indicating the Antonine & Hadrian Walls. World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved from https://www.worldhistory.org/image/6131/map-indicating-the-antonine--hadrian-walls/

Lucius Verus By Self-photographed / PierreSelim, CC0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=52242304

The angel of death striking a door during the plague of Rome Delaunay, L. a. J. (2019, April 04). Plague of Rome. World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved from https://www.worldhistory.org/image/10363/plague-of-rome/

Titlepage of Meditations published in 1811 CE By Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, R. Graves - Private Collection of S. Whitehead, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=8742731

The Triumph of Death Prado, M. d. (2020, March 22). The Triumph of Death. World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved from https://www.worldhistory.org/image/12031/the-triumph-of-death/

Relief of the Roman-Parthian wars at the Arch of Septimius Severus By Unknown author - original photo by Radomil 28.09.2004 File:Luk Septymiusza Sewera Detal 1DSCF0006.JPG, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=6218314

Emperor Commodus Leaving the Arena at the Head of the Gladiators by Edwin Blashfield (1848–1936 By Edwin Howland Blashfield - https://hermitagemuseum.wordpress.com/2011/10/14/on-commodus/, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=84766891

Aurei of the five Roman emperors of AD 193. Clockwise from top left: Pertinax, Didius Julianus, Pescennius Niger and Clodius Albinus, with Septimius Severus in the center By Cakelot1 - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=112102433

The Roman Empire and the Crisis of the Third Century, c. 270 CE Netchev, S. (2023, March 07). The Roman Empire and the Crisis of the Third Century, c. 270 CE. World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved from https://www.worldhistory.org/image/17154/the-roman-empire-and-the-crisis-of-the-third-centu/

The Travels of Hadrian and the Roman Empire c. 125 CE Netchev, S. (2021, October 22). The Travels of Hadrian and the Roman Empire c. 125 CE. World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved from https://www.worldhistory.org/image/14744/the-travels-of-hadrian-and-the-roman-empire-c-125/

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